Strange that the bug doesn't happen on your PC.
To reproduce:
A) Open any image, select part or all of the image and copy image data.
Paste as new image in GIMP (2.10.38).
=> GIMP shows an error message saying that there is no image data in the clipboard.
B) Now, close XnView MP, and paste as new image in GIMP again.
=> Suddenly, the image data gets pasted correctly.
It seems to only affect GIMP. The image data gets pasted correctly in XnView MP, CopyQ, LibreOffice, Inkscape, KRITA, and paint.net.
I assume that GIMP might adhere more strictly to standards, or fails to interpret certain data as image data. But since closing XnView fixes the problem, XnView must be doing something to the clipboard content when closing that it should have done right away. (see this comment:
viewtopic.php?p=187323#p187323)
I'll try to analyse the clipboard content to find out what happens when closing XnView. But I need to find out how and what software I can use...
Edit: I suspect that GIMP is at fault here. Searching for 'GIMP "no image data in the clipboard"' does show that it is a known problem. But ... I don't know if they can fix it.